Determinants of corporate social project - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Talk about the Determinants of a corporate social task. Answer: Presentation: A long-standing discussion is consistently there with respect to the linkage between the ecological exhibition of the corporate and the organizations execution (Endrikat, Guenther and Hoppe 2014). This exploration report gives an examination system to break down the impact of environmental change on the organizations execution and productivity considering the Climate Disclosure Project (CDP) and incorporating the authenticity hypothesis. This examination system will give subtleties on the theoretical structure for building up the exploration on environmental change with the assistance of CDP information and authenticity hypothesis and alongside this; it will set up the theory and intermediary measures. Writing survey: As of late it has been seen that different research papers use CDP information and the authenticity hypothesis is one of the most applied hypothesis as for the CDP divulgence so as to survey the organizations arrangement for consideration of the environmental change (Dahlmann, Branicki and Brammer 2015). Authenticity hypothesis stands up to that in the event that a firm were fitting in with its natural and social desires, at that point it would show enough so as to maintain a strategic distance from examination (Fernando and Lawrence 2014). So as to meet the prerequisite of the institutional financial specialists, applying authenticity hypothesis with the CDP revelation will lead towards a forecast that the association will show the base measure of its vital (Filatotchev and Nakajima 2014). CDP exposures can likewise be applied with regards to bookkeeping, which will help to evaluate the partner force and capacity of the firm. Authenticity hypothesis likewise helps to survey the Gree n House Gas discharge and social execution of the firm creation it a standout amongst other instrument investigate and contrast the organizations execution and environmental change. Reasonable system: Ecological execution of a firm has been one of the principle quickening agents, that have offered smoke to different experimental looks into and blended outcomes have been seen from the past works (Lee et al. 2015). Figure 1: Conceptual model Source: (Created by Author) In this exploration system, there are three free factors and one ward variable alongside a control variable. It has been viewed as that carbon divulgence score is the reliant variable, which is as indicated by the CDP revelation is needy upon the reconciliation of environmental change in business, inner cost of carbon and future thought of hazard, making them the autonomous variable for this examination system. This examination system thinks about that size of the firm is one of the primary factors that control the carbon revelation score, this it will be considered as the control variable. Theory: H0: There is no connection between the free factors and ward factors H1: Integration of environmental change in business, inside cost of carbon and future thought of hazard emphatically influences the Carbon exposure score of a firm Relapse investigation will be utilized in this exploration structure to examine the taste theory. With 5% level of criticalness, on the off chance that the p esteem is under 0.05, at that point H0 will be dismissed and H1 will be acknowledged (Park 2015). The examination will utilize the information from 1047 organizations, which are accessible from the CDP divulgence. Over the time, CDP changes their poll and the reactions from the organizations are in consistent transition. Also, the reactions of the firm as per the CDP are optional contrasted with CSR report making it one of the perfect sources to break down and analyze the organizations environmental change duty. Intermediary measures: So as to gauge the Carbon Disclosure Score of the firm, this exploration structure will utilize the CDP information as the intermediary. It will help the scientist to follow the carbon revelation of the firm and intentional exposure of Green House Gas discharge . Other than this, the exploration system will use the age of the firm to decide its natural divulgence (Juhmani 2014). Moreover it will manage the analyst to evaluate its future hazard thought to cut back the carbon emanation. End: Environmental change is one of the most significant issues far and wide. It is a typical accept that environmental change modifies the organizations monetary and social execution. To break down the organizations financial and natural exhibitions, corporate reactions is a valuable apparatus inferable from the way that it will manage the looks into to follow out how well a firm has presented social duty in its plan of action. Utilizing the CDP revelation, this examination will attempt to accomplish the ideal target. This examination structure will take CDP divulgence information of 1047 organizations and develop the environmental change dangers and qualities in an appropriate manner. Reference: Dahlmann, F., Branicki, L. what's more, Brammer, S., 2015, January. Going for the Moon? Connections between Corporate Environmental Aspirations and Achievements. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2015, No. 1, p. 15994). Institute of Management. Endrikat, J., Guenther, E. what's more, Hoppe, H., 2014. Understanding clashing observational discoveries: A meta-explanatory survey of the connection between corporate ecological and money related performance.European Management Journal,32(5), pp.735-751. Fernando, S. what's more, Lawrence, S., 2014. A hypothetical structure for CSR works on: coordinating authenticity hypothesis, partner hypothesis and institutional theory.Journal of Theoretical Accounting Research,10(1), pp.149-178. Filatotchev, I. what's more, Nakajima, C., 2014. Corporate administration, mindful administrative conduct, and corporate social duty: authoritative effectiveness versus hierarchical legitimacy?.The Academy of Management Perspectives,28(3), pp.289-306. Juhmani, O., 2014. Determinants of corporate social and ecological divulgence on sites: The instance of Bahrain.Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance,2(4), pp.77-87. Lee, V.H., Ooi, K.B., Chong, A.Y.L. what's more, Lin, B., 2015. A basic investigation of greening the provider, natural execution and serious advantage.Production Planning Control,26(2), pp.116-130. Park, H.M., 2015. Theory testing and factual intensity of a test.

The Difference Between Coordinate and Noncoordinate Adjectives

The Difference Between Coordinate and Noncoordinate Adjectives The Difference Between Coordinate and Noncoordinate Adjectives The Difference Between Coordinate and Noncoordinate Adjectives By Mark Nichol Authors are regularly confounded about whether to intersperse an expression that incorporates at least two descriptive words. To decide if a comma is required between any two descriptors, test whether they are facilitate or noncoordinate. Organize descriptive words have equivalent status: They both alter a thing or thing phrase. On the other hand, noncoordinate descriptors have various capacities: The previous kind of modifier alters a thing or thing phrase, and the last adjusts an expression comprising of another modifier and a thing or a thing expression when that other descriptor is a basic depiction of the thing being portrayed. The accompanying sentences, and the conversations and corrections that follow, show this point. 1. For quite a long time, organizations have relegated dreary, manual assignments to robots. Redundant depicts a kind of manual errands it doesn't have equivalent status with manual in altering undertakings so the modifiers are noncoordinate and no comma ought to follow the word: â€Å"For decades, organizations have allocated dreary manual assignments to robots.† 2. The 218-section of land, oceanfront domain is available to be purchased. The phrasal descriptive word â€Å"218-acre† alters â€Å"oceanfront estate,† not simply bequest, so the modifiers are noncoordinate and no commas are required: â€Å"The 218-section of land oceanfront domain is for sale.† 3. An all encompassing forward-looking, chance engaged, ceaseless checking approach is frequently troublesome. Forward-looking and hazard centered both portray â€Å"continuous-observing approach,† and they’re exchangeable, so they are organize modifiers and ought to be isolated from one another by a comma. In any case, â€Å"continuous-monitoring† isn't proportionate to different expressions; it is a fundamental piece of the expression they are changing, so the last comma is wrong: â€Å"A all encompassing forward-looking, hazard centered constant observing methodology is frequently difficult.† (Also, comprehensive alters everything that follows, so it is noncoordinate and along these lines no comma ought to tail it.) 4. Perceiving how a home addresses your issues, and the necessities of your family, can assist you with adding to the improvement of a glad, solid, home condition. Home isn't proportional to glad and solid, it is a natural term depicting the sort of condition that can be upbeat and sound. Those words, which are exchangeable, change the expression â€Å"home environment,† so the last comma is off base: â€Å"Recognizing how a home addresses your issues, and the requirements of your family, can assist you with adding to the advancement of a glad, solid home environment.† 5. The dangers introduced by this mind boggling, divided, heritage engineering are seldom, if at any point, considered. Intricate and divided portray â€Å"legacy architecture,† so heritage isn't equal to the initial two words and ought not be isolated from them. Those words, be that as it may, are tradable and must be set off by a comma: â€Å"The dangers introduced by this mind boggling, divided heritage design are infrequently, if at any time, considered.† Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities every day! Continue learning! Peruse the Grammar class, check our famous posts, or pick a related post below:60 Synonyms for â€Å"Walk†20 Pairs of One-Word and Two-Word Forms7 Sound Techniques for Effective Writing

How to Reverse the Cycle of Stress

How to Reverse the Cycle of Stress Stress Management Management Techniques Print How to Reverse the Cycle of Stress Turn your stressed day into a great day By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on October 03, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on April 11, 2019 How Stress Impacts Your Health Overview Signs of Burnout Stress and Weight Gain Benefits of Exercise Stress Reduction Tips Self-Care Practices Mindful Living Cultura RM/Philipp Nemenz/Getty Images A little stress can keep us on our toes, motivate us to do our best and challenge us in ways that make us stronger. More than a little stress can actually lead to more negative consequences if we’re not careful: chronic stress, which can adversely affect physical and emotional health, and even self-perpetuating cycles that lead to more and more stress. These negative stress cycles can ultimately put us at risk of experiencing feelings of anxiety, depression, and burnout. This process is a downward spiral of stress, and  recognizing when you are moving in that direction can be an important part of moving away from the pattern. It is important to realize when stress is beginning to take on a life of its own  and know how to stop the process from accelerating.  It is even more valuable to know how to turn these negative patterns into positive onesâ€"patterns that can actually make us stronger, more resilient, and less stressed. Here are some ways to take yourself from a place of feeling stressed and overwhelmed to being in a place of empowerment and peace. Here are some strategies to consider. Replace Rumination and Reminisce One of the most significant ways that we keep ourselves stressed or even turn relatively small stressors into larger challenges is the human tendency toward rumination. We can all be prone to rumination from time to timeâ€"this is the tendency to play and replay frustrating conversations in our heads, go over and over the details of a stressful event in our near or even distant past, and otherwise revisit stressful situations without actually changing anything for the better.   The problem with rumination is that it keeps us in a negative headspace and robs us of our mental peace in the present, without bringing any real payoff in return. When you find yourself in the throes of rumination, distracting yourself by shifting your attention to the present moment, even practicing mindfulness, can offer an effective antidote.  Listening to music can get you into a more positive place as well. Distracting yourself by getting involved in anything more positive can also do the trick. However, if you find your mind still fighting you and moving toward thoughts of the past, you can instead turn your mind to positive memories.  This uses the same processâ€"your memoryâ€"and instead focuses it on something that will bring you happiness and positivity rather than stress and frustration. And positivity doesn’t simply move you away from a bad mood or get you into a better one, it can literally build resilience toward stress as well. Use Idle Time for Mindfulness If you are generally feeling stressed  or are stressed because of tedious aspects of your day such as traffic or waiting in long lines, you may find yourself becoming increasingly drained or tense as a result.  This may not be an obvious downward spiral, but it is a common way that stress can gain momentum, moving you from a relatively neutral experience into a negative mood. If you are feeling particularly stressed already, these experiencesâ€"especially if they are threatening to make you late for your next commitmentâ€"can be quite stressful and can put you into a full-blown bad day. As you move through your day, you can find these mildly stressful “waiting times” and use them as opportunities for stress relief by utilizing them for the practice of mindfulness, meditation, or breathing exercise.  Research shows that focusing on the present moment for even a few minutesâ€"the practice of mindfulnessâ€"can help you to relieve stress in the present moment as well as in the future.  In this way, you are really using the mildly frustrating times in your day to your advantage. With practice, you can find yourself even looking forward to slow traffic, long lines, daily chores, and other seeming time wasters. Stop and Reframe Another way that you can reverse the negative momentum of common daily stressors is by changing the way you think about them.  If you find yourself becoming stressed by setbacks, a series of minor setbacks can conspire to put you in a stressed frame of mind, and that can lead into a negative pattern of seeing more of the negative than the positive in everything that follows. One way that you can reverse this trend is by simply becoming more aware of it, and realizing that you have a choice.  You may not have a choice in the specific circumstances of your dayâ€"you can’t always choose what crises drop into your lap or what fires need to be put outâ€"but you can choose how you interpret them, to a great extent. By taking your next frustrating situation and actively looking for the benefits that you’ll gain from it, you can reframe it into something more positive.  In this way, at least in your mind, you can turn a “bad day” into a “good day,” or a “crisis” into an “opportunity.” Here are some specific ways that you can reframe a stressful situation and reverse what would have been a downward cycle of stress in the process. Change Your Script Similarly, if you find yourself facing a series of unexpected challenges in your day, you may begin to see most of what happens unexpectedly as a negative rather than as a potential positive.  If you automatically see the worst in most of what presents itself to you, you will likely begin to react from a place of negativity and literally create stress and frustration where it doesn’t need to be. You can spread this negative bias to others, and it can take on a life of its own. If this sounds familiar, you can purposely change the way you talk to yourself and the way you interpret what happens to you as it’s happening.  Rather than expecting bad things to happen and seeing things as mostly negative, you can stop and actively try to expect the best. As you find yourself thinking negative thoughts about what could go wrong, start to think about what can go right. See everything as an opportunity, and then find out what the opportunity is; become determined to find the silver lining in each dark cloud. This is somewhat distinct from mere reframing  because you are actively looking for ways to use what is happening in your life to your advantage rather than simply thinking about it in more positive terms. This is easier said than done, but the results are more powerful than they may seem at first, too. Replace Stressors With “Pleasures” It’s not always possible to cut out every stressor that comes into your life, but there are usually several things that create daily frustration that you could get rid of if you really thought about it.  These little stressors, known as “tolerations,” are minor energy drains (or sometimes major energy drains) that can take the form of a toxic friend, a cluttered home where things are frequently lost, or an inefficient routine. They are things we tolerate out of habit, but wouldn’t choose if we thought about it. Cutting these things out of your life can have a distinctly positive effect on your stress levels. Beyond simply eliminating tolerations, however, you can take things a step further to relieve stress in your day. You can replace tolerations with “pleasures,” or things in life that get you into a better mood and give you a little boost of resilience against stress. For example, rather than avoiding a friend that drains you, you can make a concerted effort to spend that same time with a different friend who nurtures and uplifts you. Instead of simply cleaning your cluttered space, you can add little decorative touches that bring you joy or stress relief, such as aromatherapy or a sound system that plays music you love.  You get the ideaâ€"replace your tolerations with things that actually make your day better, and you’ll reverse your downward stress spiral into an upward spiral of positivity.

My Career Choice - 1216 Words

My career choices you would really want to know what temi has plan I have some interesting career choices which quite for hard working people like me. My career choices are two things I would love to be a lawyer first thing 2nd one I want to be a business woman I love working for myself like a boss you know make your own money control things myself. Lawyer tell people what’s right and what’s wrong for everyone to act right teaching them the right steps and let them know that whoever did something wrong and think there is a free way to it that’s not possible no-one can go without punishment. So, lawyers are there sometimes to fight for someone who has been struggling with the laws and, they fight for people who breaks the law. I chose these†¦show more content†¦2) Interpret laws, rulings and regulations for individuals and businesses. 3) Analyze the probable outcomes of cases, using knowledge of legal precedents. 4) Present and summarize cases to judges and juries. 5) Evaluate findings and develop strategies and arguments in preparation for presentation of cases. 6) Gather evidence to formulate defense or to initiate legal actions, by such means as interviewing clients and witnesses to ascertain the facts of a case. 7) Represent clients in court or before government agencies. 8) Examine legal data to determine advisability of defending or prosecuting lawsuit. 9) Select jurors, argue motions, meet with judges and question witnesses while a trial. 10) Present evidence to defend clients or prosecute defendants in criminal or civil litigation. 11) Study Constitution, statutes, decisions, regulations, and ordinances of quasi-judicial bodies to determine ramifications for cases. 12)Prepare and draft legal documents, such as wills, deeds, patent applications, mortgages, leases, and contracts. 13) Prepare legal briefs and opinions, and file appeals in state and federal courts of appeal. 14) Negotiate settlements of civil disputes 15) Confer with colleagues with specialties in appropriate areas of legal issue to establish and verify bases for legal proceedings. 16) Search for and examine public and other legal records to write opinions or establish ownership. 17)Show MoreRelatedMy Career Choice830 Words   |  4 Pagesimportant decisions in my life is to choose a career that I will enjoy and find interesting for many years ahead. It is important that I have the ability to provide well for myself and future family. In an effort to stay current in the marketplace, I am committed to keeping an open mind as career paths change, and dedicating time for continued education. I believe that my career choices for the future greatly depend upon the knowledge that I have of myself, information regarding my career options, testingRead MoreArt Is My Career Choice872 Words   |  4 PagesMilliner EES21QH - 03 9/29/16 Expression art is my career choice because my life was always surrounded by art. Signed up for art classes in my middle school. Then took the next step by applying for a visual arts highs school becoming an art major. Not only that, my mother has been behind me, and also my art teachers. Many times I ve been ready to give up and quit. But I always find myself doing art again. Art is something I can not escape. Moving on my personal interest with expression art is notRead MoreMy Career Choice Is Nursing932 Words   |  4 PagesMy career choice is nursing, specifically a registered nurse (RN). Registered nurses have a choice of working in many areas. They work with adults, but an RN can also work with children. According to the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (2014a), â€Å"Registered nurses provide and coordinate patient care, educate patients and the public about various health conditions, and provide advice and emotional support to patients and their family members.† I have a passion to help, so this is the perfectRead MoreMy Choice Of Career As A Teacher1372 Words   |  6 PagesProject My choice of career is unique because it’s not just one career but four careers. Now those four careers are teaching, writing, cinematography, and politics. From those four choices I choose teaching. I think it works for me because I’m accountable, caring, innovative, and trustworthy I think those are some of the characteristics of a great teacher. A big question is â€Å"what I think about being a teacher†. Well I have a lot of assumptions both big and small about being a teacher. My main andRead MoreMy Career Choice For Myself866 Words   |  4 Pagesconsider another career choice for myself; I always had one career in my heart and to become a teacher. In fact I always felt like I have been preparing for the teaching profession my whole life. As a little girl I would always play pretend with my sisters and make them be my students while I â€Å"taught† them. If they didn’t want to play teacher with me, which was often the case, I would play with my stuffed animals and Barbie’s and pretend that I had a whole classroom. Even now as I share my education andRead MoreMy Choice For Choosing A Career807 Words   |  4 PagesI wish to embark on a lifelong career as an academician and a researcher, seeking to expand the boundaries of knowledge and learning in the field of pharmacy. My choice for selecting a career in pharmacy is truly based on my natural flair towards sc ience. As the wonders of sciences in high school inspired me, I decided a career in the area of Medical Pharmaceutical Sciences. The desire to study medical sciences prompted me to consider the study of pharmaceutical sciences as I was always adept atRead MoreMy College and Career choices500 Words   |  2 Pages My College and Career choices My three college choices are University of Florida, University of Seattle and Ohio University. Each of these colleges have good qualities for my careers. I’m not very sure what exactly I want to have a career in. Two of my main choices are veterinarian or child care. Some of my concerns are the distance, cost of tuition, the quality of the program, and the recreation at the colleges. University of Florida is my first choice. The tuition for my enrollmentRead MoreMy Career Choice For College1094 Words   |  5 PagesAfter high school, students in the United States have various career choices to choose from. College is a place composed of numerous facets and activities, which offer a variety of avenues for the career-minded to explore, while offering growth and opportunities for advancement. A fine career choice for students to pursue in college in is marketing: planning, directing, and the coordination of marketing policies and programs. Marketing dates back to 1450, when Gutenberg’s metal movable type productionRead MoreNutrition : My First Career Choice761 Words   |  4 PagesNutrition is my first career choice. In many ways it also reflects my second and third career choice. Educators teach and lead youngsters toward success. Legislators draft policies that improve process for their constituents. And researchers commit themselves to extensive study and practise to master the skills and knowledge needed for their field of interest. As a nutritionist, I see myself incorporating all three. I want to master the fundamental knowledge of nutrition, work to improve the processRead MoreGraduation Speech : My Career Choice1174 Words   |  5 Pagesthroughout my life is â€Å"what do you want to be when you grow up?† I never had an answer to that. Going into college I didn’t have a set plan as to what career I would like to pursue. However, I knew that I wanted to work with kids; I originally wanted to be a pediatrician. That career choice was based on my family wanting me to be successful, so I put my passion for working with kids and their passion together. As I began to focus on what I want instead of what others want, I changed my major to Early

Alcohol Use during Pregnancy Linked to Hyperactivity in Children Free Essays

Most women understand that drinking alcohol during pregnancy can cause physical and mental birth defects. Multiple studies indicate women who drink three or more glasses of alcohol at any one occasion in early pregnancy increase the child’s risk of developing alcohol disorders by 21 years of age (JAMA and Archives Journal, 2006; British Medical Journal, 2005) and is also linked to higher incidents of hyperactivity I children (British Medical Journal, 2005). Conversely, the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) reveals that â€Å"data on the relationship between FAS and hyperactivity are inconsistent† (Jacobson Jacobson, 2003). We will write a custom essay sample on Alcohol Use during Pregnancy Linked to Hyperactivity in Children or any similar topic only for you Order Now Studies conducted by the NIAAA, indicate hyperactivity of clinic–referred patients â€Å"may have been caused by social and environmental factors, such as co–occurring attachment disorders, anxiety, and post–traumatic stress disorder† (2003, Hyperactivity and Attention, para 3). Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) was first identified in 1973 has reached new levels in terms of research and relevance to other birth defects (Locke-Wellman et al, 2000), including the hypothesis that â€Å"alcohol consumption in doses not generally associated with alcohol problems can produce a variety of neurocognitive deficits in the absence of effects on growth and morphology† and â€Å"appear to have a continuum of neurobehavioral morphological and developmental effects† (e.g. hyperactivity), (Locke-Wellman et al.,2000,p. 661). Understanding Hyperactivity The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) defines hyperactivity –as applies to this report- as Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which is a neurobehavioral disorder affecting 3-5 percent of all American children (Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder Association, 2007). ADHD interferes with an individual’s ability to focus (stay on a task) and to exercise age-appropriate inhibition (cognitive alone or both cognitive and behavioral) (NINDS, 2007). Warning signs include what may appear as ignoring verbal instructions, lack of organization (personal and school work), fidgetiness, excessive talking, inability to finish chores and homework, and problems paying attention to and responding to details (NINDS, 2007;Attention Deficit Disorder Association, n.d.). While hyperactivity at any level is most common in the younger years up to the early teens, there are many whose condition continued into the adult years (Ibid). Research Supports Alcohol’s Link to Hyperactivity More than 20 years ago, studies first revealed alcohol use during pregnancy as a valid link to hyperactivity. In effect, children who were administered the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Aged Children (KSADS) who showed signs of hyperactivity were born to mothers who admit to drinking during pregnancy (Coles et al., 1997; Chambers et al., 1985). In 1989, Archer et al. indicated a need to study specific factors (e.g. dietary sensitivities and fetal alcohol damage) that may be important for subgroups of hyperactive children. However, the authors add that this findings are â€Å"unlikely to account for the syndrome as a whole† (Archer et al.,1989, p. 18). When covering substance use and abuse, Archer et al. (1986, 1989) reported on an earlier study by Weiss et al (1979), explaining that follow-up findings on substance use and abuse (both alcohol and other compounds) have not been consistent, of which Jacobson’s theory (2003) supports citing that potential reasons for these inconsistencies includes differences in geographic study locations, the birth years of subjects, attrition rates, data collection procedures, definitions of use and abuse, and varying degrees of co-morbidity (e.g., ADHD symptoms and conduct problems) across studies (Archer et al, 1986, 1989). Conduct problems in the early adolescence of hyperactive children have been consistent in most studies, of which Weiss et al (1979) reported that â€Å"at [the] follow-up mean age 13 years, 25 percent of formerly hyperactive subjects showed a history of antisocial behavior, 16 percent were referred to juvenile court, and 3 percent (2 of 64 subjects) were placed in a reform school†¦teachers reported that hyperactives exhibited more conduct problems than controls† (p. 1350). Ackerman et al (1986) acknowledges the findings of Weiss et al. (1979) citing that when comparing hyperactive, hypoactive, and normoactive learning-disabled boys and controls in a 4-year follow-up (mean age 14 years) the results indicated a three to sixteen fold increase in comparatively serious behavioral problems (e.g. breaking and entering, aggressive acts in school, and serious incorrigibility) in the hyperactive group (Ackerman et al., 1986; Weiss et al, 1986). However, all studies reveal that the outcome in late adolescence and young adulthood is less clear. How to cite Alcohol Use during Pregnancy Linked to Hyperactivity in Children, Papers

Is Psychology A Science Essays (1720 words) - Behavioural Sciences

Is Psychology a Science? In order to answer this question it is important to understand the definitions of both psychology and science. The word 'psychology' comes from the Greek 'psyche' (or soul) and 'logos' (or study), which came to be known as the 'study of the soul'. The American Heritage Dictionary defines psychology as: 1. the science dealing with the mind and with mental and emotional processes 2. the science of human and animal behavior. In its pure definition the dictionary has provided us with a clue to the answer, it describes science as: 1. systematized knowledge derived from observation, study, etc. 2. a branch of knowledge, esp. one that systematizes facts, principles, and methods 3. skill or technique In order to prove this claim we have to look at whether or not psychology can fill this definition above. Scientific study is a valid way of coming to an understanding of life, and can be very useful in every area of life. Science develops theories based on what is observed. It examines each theory with rigorous and scrupulous tests to see if it describes reality. The scientific method works well in observing and recording physical data and in reaching conclusions which either confirm or nullify a theory. During the mid-19th century, scholars (although at that time probably termed philosophers) wanted to study human nature with the aim of applying the scientific method to observe, record, and treat human behavior that was deemed as unnatural. They believed that if people could be studied in a scientific manner, there would be a greater accuracy in understanding present behavior, in predicting future behavior, and, most controversially, in altering behavior through scientific intervention. There are many areas of psychology, each attempting to explain behavior from slightly different perspectives; Social psychology is concerned with the effects of social situations on human behavior. Personality theorists study individual behavior. Comparative psychologists study animal behaviors across the range of species Physiological psychologists are concerned with the biological basis of behavior. Developmental psychologists study principles and processes responsible for change throughout life. Cognitive psychologists investigate memory, thought, problem solving, and the psychological aspects of learning. Analysis of behavior studies the conditions under which a behavior can be learned and the situations that cause that behavior to occur. Learning is an area of psychology exploring how new behaviors are learned and maintained. Clinical psychologists study ways to help individuals and groups of individuals change their behavior. Industrial and organizational psychologists are concerned with the physical and social aspects of people's work environments as they affect work output. Community psychologists use scientific methods to study and solve social problems. As Western describes, the psychological paradigm is a collection of assumptions used to make sense of a subject area or experience, this can be applied to psychology itself. Psychology lacks one unified paradigm but has four perspectives that search for its understanding; The pyschodynamic perspective believes that behavior is a result of unconscious processes, personal motivation and early childhood experiences. It's most famous advocate was Sigmund Freud. Its method of data collection rely heavily on interpreting discussion, dreams and fantasies, actions, case studies and a limited amount of experimentation. The behaviorist perspective believes that behavior is learned and selected by environmental consequences. Its method of data collection relies heavily on experimentation conducted in the scientific laboratory where the factors studied can be controlled; or it may take place in a real life setting where more natural behavior is studied and far more variables exist. The cognitive perspective believes that behavior is a result of information processing, storage in the brain, transformation and the retrieval of information. The methods of data collection used are again experimentation but with much use of computer modeling. The evolutionary perspective believes that psychological processes echo the evolutionary processes of natural selection. Its method of data collection includes the deduction of explanations for behavior, and comparisons between species and cultures. It also involves a limited amount of experimentation. Of these four perspectives all lend common similarities to the traditional sciences. All have elements of controlled experimentation, as does physics or chemistry. Cognitive perspectives use computer modeling, as does mathematics. There are similarities, but there are also differences to any

Medical Terminology Essays

Medical Terminology Essays Medical Terminology Paper Medical Terminology Paper Careers in the effective use of medical terminology have not gained that much interest a few years ago. With the increasing use of information technology in the field of health science, work associated with the use of medical terminology has evolved into well-paying professions. Medical indexing and medical transcribing are only two examples of these careers. Medical indexing is the answer to the increasing volume of medical literature available through electronic data bases (McGregor, 2002). It would be difficult for medical practitioners and researchers to obtain relevant articles for their online research without an effective medical indexing. This would require professionals adept with drug and disease terms among others to intelligently index medical reviews and original articles. With the fast expansion of medical knowledge, the need for professional medical indexers will remain at a high demand. Medical transcription has increasingly attracted interest as an allied health service and the job as a medical transcriptionist has slowly conveyed as a serious well-paying profession. Last year, the U. S. Department of Labor has declared medical transcription as an apprenticeable profession and graduates from medical transcription training program can now access registered apprenticeship programs (â€Å"Medical transcription,† n. d. ). The learning curved, however, can be very steep considering the magnitude of medical terminologies to be mastered. Based on the Model Curriculum published by AAMT, training programs should include course in anatomy, physiology, pathology, pharmacology and laboratory medicine aside from extensive training in medical language and English grammar and punctuation. A total of 40 hours of actual and authentic physician dictation is also necessary before any graduate is certified as a medical transcriptionist although it may take least 2 years of acute-care transcription experience before any transcriptionists is eligible to sit for the certification examination by the AAMT. Despite this, medical transcription is a rewarding career as an allied medical profession. As the list of jobs related to the use of medical terminology broadens, it will not be long before they become established among the sustainable and profitable mainstream careers. And it will not be surprising if in the near future this trend will spawn new professionals and most likely, they will be known as â€Å"medical terminologist. † Reference Page American Association for Medical Transcription. Becoming an MT. Retrieved March 6, 2007, from aamt. org/scriptcontent/mtschool. cfm McGregor, B. (2002). Medical indexing outside the National Library of Medicine. Journal of the Medical Library Association. 90(3), 339–341. Medical Transcription Industry Association. Medical transcription recognized as an apprenticeable occupation by the U. S. Department of Labor. Retrieved March 6, 2007, from mtia. com/displaycommon. cfm? an=1subarticlenbr=47